Besleria amplectens (Gesneriaceae), a new species from pacific slopes of Western Cordillera of Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.3529144Keywords:
Andes, Chocó biogeographic, El Carmen de Atrato, Flora of Colombia, subamplexicaul leaves, taxonomyAbstract
A new species of Besleria from the premontane to montane rainforests of the department of Chocó, northwestern Colombia, is described and illustrated. Besleria amplectens shares features with three species (B. obtusa, B. impressa and B. lutea). However, it is morphologically distinguished by its subamplexicaul leaves and solitary flowers with yellow tubular corollas. Comments on its distribution, morphological affinities, and conservation status are also provided. Additionally, a key is provided for the species of Besleria with short petioles (1-10 mm long), occurring primarily in Colombia. Besleria amplectens is a remarkable species with sessile, subamplexicaul leaves in an otherwise predominantly genus with petiole leaves.
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References
AYMARD, C., G. A., ARELLANO-P., H., LOZANO, A., MONTILLA, M. C., CALERO-CAYOPARE, A. & Gómez-YUVABE, R. A. (2020). Besleria naquenensis (Beslerieae, Besleriaceae), a new species from serranía de Naquén, Guainía river basin (Colombia). Harvard Papers in Botany 25: 205-214. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v25iss2.2020.n8
BARRIE, F. R. & SKOG, L. E. (2024). Seven New Species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the Mesoamerican Flora. Novon 32: 162-175. https://doi.org/10.3417/2024830
BERGER, A., CLARK, J. L. & WEBER, A. (2015). Besleria macropoda (Gesneriaceae): Lectotypification, distribution, functional epiphylly and discordant fruit morphology of a rare Costa Rican endemic. Phytotaxa 233: 139-152. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.233.2.2
CLARK, J. L., NEILL, D. A., WEBER, A., GRUHN, J. A. & KATAN, T. (2010). Shuaria (Gesneriaceae), an arborescent new genus from the Cordillera del Cóndor and Amazonian Ecuador. Systematic Botany 35: 662-674. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364410792495917
CLAVIJO, L., SKOG, L. E. & CLARK, J. L. (2016). Besleria. En BERNAL, R., S. R. GRANSTEIN & M. CELIS (eds), Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia Vol. I., pp. 1357-1361. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
CORTÉS-CEBALLOS, O. L., GIRALDO-R., A. & TORRES-G., A. M. (2017). Two new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Phytotaxa 332: 181-188. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.5
CORTÉS-CEBALLOS, O. L., GIRALDO-R., A., TORRES-G., A. M., MORENO, J. E. & GASPARINO, E. C. (2021). A new species and palinotaxonomy of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the cloud forest of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Phytotaxa 518: 179-195. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.518.3.1
DAUBY, G., STEVART, T., DROISSART, V., COSIAUX, A., DEBLAUYE, V., SIMO-DROISSART, M., SOSEF, M. S. M., LOYRY II, P. P., SCHATZ, G. E., GEREAU, R. E. & COUVREUR, T. L. P. (2017). ConR: An R package to assist large-scale multispecies preliminary conservation assessments using distribution data. Ecology and Evolution 7: 11292-11303.
ELLIS, B., DALY, D. C., HICKEY, L. J., JOHNSON, K. R., MITCHELL, J. D., WILF, P. & WING, S. L. (2009). Manual of leaf architecture. Cornell University Press and the New York Botanical Garden Press. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845935849.0000
FEUILLET, C. & STEYERMARK, J. A. (1999). Gesneriaceae. En STEYERMARK, J. A., P. E. BERRY & K. VATSKIEVYCH (eds.), Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 5, pp. 542-573. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
FERREIRA, G. E., CLARK, J. L., CLAVIJO, L., ZULUAGA, A., CHAUTEMS, A., HOPKINS, M. J. G., ARAUJO, A. O. & PERRET, M. (2024). Phylogenetics, character evolution, and historical biogeography of the Neotropical genus Besleria (Gesneriaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 206: 83-94. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae007
FONT QUER, P. (1985). Diccionario de Botánica, 9a reimpr. Editorial Labor, Barcelona.
GONZÁLEZ, C. E., SKOG, L. E. & AMAYA-MÁRQUEZ, M. (2001). Una nueva especie de Besleria (Gesneriaceae) para Colombia. Caldasia 23: 401-404. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal/article/view/17704
HARRIS, J. G. & HARRIS, M. W. (2001). Plant identification terminology: An illustrated glossary. 2nd ed. Spring Lake Publishing, Spring Lake, Utah.
MORTON, C. V. (1939). A revision of Besleria. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26: 395-474.
MORTON, C. V. (1944). Taxonomic studies of tropical American plants. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 29: 1-40.
NOVICKE, J. W. (1974). Two new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from Panama. Brittonia 26: 37-41.
OGUTCEN, E., CHRISTE, C., NISHII, K., SALAMIN, N., MÖLLER, M. & PERRET, M. (2021). Phylogenomics of Gesneriaceae using targeted capture of nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 157: 107068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107068
QGIS (2024). QGIS 3.34.8: A free and open source geographic information system. Available in qgis.org/en/site/ (Consulta 03/12/2025).
R CORE TEAM. (2018). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. https://www.Rproject.org/
ROALSON, E. H. & CLARK, J. L. (2006). Phylogenetic patterns of diversification in the Beslerieae (Gesneriaceae). En SHARMA, A. K. & A. SHARMA (eds.), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution, Phanerogams 1C, pp. 251-268. Science Publishers Inc., New Hampshire.
SÁNCHEZ-TABORDA, J. A., ZULUAGA, A. & CLAVIJO, L. (2020). A new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the Serranía El Pinche (Cauca), southwestern Colombia. PhytoKeys 162: 71-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.55891
SKOG, L. E. (1974). A new Colombian species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae). Phytologia 27: 502-503.
SKOG, L. E. (1979). Gesneriaceae. En WOODSON, R. E. & R. W. SCHERY et al. (eds.), Flora de Panamá. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 802-821.
SKOG, L. E. (2001). Besleria. En STEVENS, W. D., C. ULLOA ULLOA, A. POOL. & O. M. MONTIEL (eds), Flora de Nicaragua, Angiospermas (Fabaceae-Oxalidaceae), pp. 1117-1119. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85(2). St. Louis, Missouri.
SKOG, L. E. & FEUILLET, C. (2008). Gesneriaceae (Fascículo 26). En JANSEN-JACOBS, M. (ed.), Phanerogams. Series A of Flora of the Guianas, pp. 1-126. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U. K.
THIERS, B. (2025). Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium, http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih. (Consulta 27/11/2025).
UICN (2019). Comité de estándares y peticiones de la UICN. Directrices de uso de las categorías y criterios de la Lista Roja de la UICN. Versión 14. https://www.iucnredlist.org/es/resources/redlistguidelines.
WEBER, A. (2004). Gesneriaceae. En KUBITZKI, K. & J. KADEREIT (eds.), Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons, Lamiales (except Acanthaceae, Including Avicenniaceae), pp. 63-158. Springer, Berlin.
WEBER, A., CLARK, J. L. & MÖLLER, M. (2013). A new formal classification of Gesneriaceae. Selbyana 31: 68-94.
WEBER, A., MIDDLETON, D. J., CLARK, J. L. & MÖLLER, M. (2020). Keys to the infrafamilial taxa and genera of Gesneriaceae. Rheedea 30: 05-47. https://dx.doi.org/10.22244/rheedea.2020.30.01.02
WIEHLER, H. (1975). Besleria L. and the re-establishment of Gasteranthus Benth. (Gesneriaceae). Selbyana 1: 150-156.AYMARD, C., G. A., ARELLANO-P., H., LOZANO, A., MONTILLA, M. C., CALERO-CAYOPARE, A. & Gómez-YUVABE, R. A. (2020). Besleria naquenensis (Beslerieae, Besleriaceae), a new species from serranía de Naquén, Guainía river basin (Colombia). Harvard Papers in Botany 25: 205-214. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v25iss2.2020.n8
BARRIE, F. R. & SKOG, L. E. (2024). Seven New Species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the Mesoamerican Flora. Novon 32: 162-175. https://doi.org/10.3417/2024830
BERGER, A., CLARK, J. L. & WEBER, A. (2015). Besleria macropoda (Gesneriaceae): Lectotypification, distribution, functional epiphylly and discordant fruit morphology of a rare Costa Rican endemic. Phytotaxa 233: 139-152. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.233.2.2
CLARK, J. L., NEILL, D. A., WEBER, A., GRUHN, J. A. & KATAN, T. (2010). Shuaria (Gesneriaceae), an arborescent new genus from the Cordillera del Cóndor and Amazonian Ecuador. Systematic Botany 35: 662-674. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364410792495917
CLAVIJO, L., SKOG, L. E. & CLARK, J. L. (2016). Besleria. En BERNAL, R., S. R. GRANSTEIN & M. CELIS (eds), Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia Vol. I., pp. 1357-1361. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
CORTÉS-CEBALLOS, O. L., GIRALDO-R., A. & TORRES-G., A. M. (2017). Two new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Phytotaxa 332: 181-188. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.5
CORTÉS-CEBALLOS, O. L., GIRALDO-R., A., TORRES-G., A. M., MORENO, J. E. & GASPARINO, E. C. (2021). A new species and palinotaxonomy of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the cloud forest of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Phytotaxa 518: 179-195. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.518.3.1
DAUBY, G., STEVART, T., DROISSART, V., COSIAUX, A., DEBLAUYE, V., SIMO-DROISSART, M., SOSEF, M. S. M., LOYRY II, P. P., SCHATZ, G. E., GEREAU, R. E. & COUVREUR, T. L. P. (2017). ConR: An R package to assist large-scale multispecies preliminary conservation assessments using distribution data. Ecology and Evolution 7: 11292-11303.
ELLIS, B., DALY, D. C., HICKEY, L. J., JOHNSON, K. R., MITCHELL, J. D., WILF, P. & WING, S. L. (2009). Manual of leaf architecture. Cornell University Press and the New York Botanical Garden Press. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845935849.0000
FEUILLET, C. & STEYERMARK, J. A. (1999). Gesneriaceae. En STEYERMARK, J. A., P. E. BERRY & K. VATSKIEVYCH (eds.), Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 5, pp. 542-573. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
FERREIRA, G. E., CLARK, J. L., CLAVIJO, L., ZULUAGA, A., CHAUTEMS, A., HOPKINS, M. J. G., ARAUJO, A. O. & PERRET, M. (2024). Phylogenetics, character evolution, and historical biogeography of the Neotropical genus Besleria (Gesneriaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 206: 83-94. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boae007
FONT QUER, P. (1985). Diccionario de Botánica, 9a reimpr. Editorial Labor, Barcelona.
GONZÁLEZ, C. E., SKOG, L. E. & AMAYA-MÁRQUEZ, M. (2001). Una nueva especie de Besleria (Gesneriaceae) para Colombia. Caldasia 23: 401-404. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal/article/view/17704
HARRIS, J. G. & HARRIS, M. W. (2001). Plant identification terminology: An illustrated glossary. 2nd ed. Spring Lake Publishing, Spring Lake, Utah.
MORTON, C. V. (1939). A revision of Besleria. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 26: 395-474.
MORTON, C. V. (1944). Taxonomic studies of tropical American plants. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 29: 1-40.
NOVICKE, J. W. (1974). Two new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from Panama. Brittonia 26: 37-41.
OGUTCEN, E., CHRISTE, C., NISHII, K., SALAMIN, N., MÖLLER, M. & PERRET, M. (2021). Phylogenomics of Gesneriaceae using targeted capture of nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 157: 107068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107068
QGIS (2024). QGIS 3.34.8: A free and open source geographic information system. Available in qgis.org/en/site/ (Consulta 03/12/2025).
R CORE TEAM. (2018). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. https://www.Rproject.org/
ROALSON, E. H. & CLARK, J. L. (2006). Phylogenetic patterns of diversification in the Beslerieae (Gesneriaceae). En SHARMA, A. K. & A. SHARMA (eds.), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution, Phanerogams 1C, pp. 251-268. Science Publishers Inc., New Hampshire.
SÁNCHEZ-TABORDA, J. A., ZULUAGA, A. & CLAVIJO, L. (2020). A new species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae) from the Serranía El Pinche (Cauca), southwestern Colombia. PhytoKeys 162: 71-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.55891
SKOG, L. E. (1974). A new Colombian species of Besleria (Gesneriaceae). Phytologia 27: 502-503.
SKOG, L. E. (1979). Gesneriaceae. En WOODSON, R. E. & R. W. SCHERY et al. (eds.), Flora de Panamá. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 802-821.
SKOG, L. E. (2001). Besleria. En STEVENS, W. D., C. ULLOA ULLOA, A. POOL. & O. M. MONTIEL (eds), Flora de Nicaragua, Angiospermas (Fabaceae-Oxalidaceae), pp. 1117-1119. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85(2). St. Louis, Missouri.
SKOG, L. E. & FEUILLET, C. (2008). Gesneriaceae (Fascículo 26). En JANSEN-JACOBS, M. (ed.), Phanerogams. Series A of Flora of the Guianas, pp. 1-126. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U. K.
THIERS, B. (2025). Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium, http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih. (Consulta 27/11/2025).
UICN (2019). Comité de estándares y peticiones de la UICN. Directrices de uso de las categorías y criterios de la Lista Roja de la UICN. Versión 14. https://www.iucnredlist.org/es/resources/redlistguidelines.
WEBER, A. (2004). Gesneriaceae. En KUBITZKI, K. & J. KADEREIT (eds.), Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons, Lamiales (except Acanthaceae, Including Avicenniaceae), pp. 63-158. Springer, Berlin.
WEBER, A., CLARK, J. L. & MÖLLER, M. (2013). A new formal classification of Gesneriaceae. Selbyana 31: 68-94.
WEBER, A., MIDDLETON, D. J., CLARK, J. L. & MÖLLER, M. (2020). Keys to the infrafamilial taxa and genera of Gesneriaceae. Rheedea 30: 05-47. https://dx.doi.org/10.22244/rheedea.2020.30.01.02
WIEHLER, H. (1975). Besleria L. and the re-establishment of Gasteranthus Benth. (Gesneriaceae). Selbyana 1: 150-156.
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