Successful cross of Arachis duranensis as female with A. ipaёnsis

Charles E. Simpson

doi:10.30972/bon.3316981

Autores/as

Charles E. Simpson Professor Emeritus, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 1229 N US Hwy 281, Stephenville, TX 76401-8992 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-7370

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.3316981

Palabras clave:

Donante de genoma A, donante de genoma B, híbrido, origen del maní cultivado

Resumen

Arachis hypogaea L. se originó en América del Sur y ha sido llevado a gran parte de las zonas tropicales y subtropicales del mundo como un valioso cultivo alimenticio con alto contenido de proteínas y como una fuente de aceite insaturado. El origen del maní cultivado, 2n = 4x = 40, ha sido objeto de muchas discusiones, pero la mayoría concuerda en que A. duranensis sería el donante del genoma A y A. ipaënsis el donante B; ambos diploides con 2n = 20. También es objeto de debate si la duplicación cromosómica de este híbrido ocurrió en un entorno natural o en el jardín de un cazador-recolector-cultivador. Los análisis moleculares han establecido que A. duranensis fue el progenitor femenino del cruzamiento. Hasta hace poco nadie había tenido éxito en hacer el cruzamiento y establecer plantas del mismo en esa dirección. El cruzamiento recíproco se logra fácilmente y se ha informado varias veces. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es informar sobre el éxito del cruzamiento y el desarrollo de plantas híbridas, anfidiploides y poblaciones del híbrido A. duranensis × A. ipaënsis.

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Citas

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