Inclusión de harina de larvas de Mosca Soldado Negra (Hermetia illucens) en la nutrición de peces y crustáceos

P. B. Puebla Calinski; D. X. Chuquillanqui Huamán; M. García Pio; R. Zapata Mandujano; O. Cajusol Bravo; U. Torres Zevallos

doi:10.30972/vet.3517487

Autores/as

P. B. Puebla Calinski Laboratorio de Biotecnología. Instituto de Educación Superior Alvear (IdESA-UGACOOP). Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-525X
D. X. Chuquillanqui Huamán Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-5463
M. García Pio Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8244-8559
R. Zapata Mandujano Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-9119
O. Cajusol Bravo Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7805-7683
U. Torres Zevallos Kawát S.A.C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5700

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3517487

Palabras clave:

Mosca Soldado Negra, Hermetia illucens, harina de insecto, acuicultura, sostenibilidad, seguridad alimentaria

Resumen

El crecimiento de la industria acuícola ha sido impulsado por la creciente demanda global de alimentos y la preocupación por la sobreexplotación de recursos naturales y el impacto ambiental. Para abordar estos desafíos, la acuicultura ha buscado alternativas sostenibles e innovadoras. En este contexto, la inclusión de insectos, como la Mosca Soldado Negra (Hermetia illucens), en la dieta de peces y crustáceos surge como una solución prometedora debido a su alto contenido de proteínas, lípidos y minerales. Este artículo de revisión analiza el papel de la harina de larvas de Mosca Soldado Negra en la acuicultura. Examina los beneficios económicos, nutricionales y ambientales de la harina en la dieta de los animales acuáticos, así como los resultados de investigaciones recientes sobre dosificación adecuada, calidad de crecimiento, salud intestinal y disponibilidad de nutrientes en diversas especies acuícolas. Se enfatiza que la harina de larvas de la Mosca Soldado Negra ofrece beneficios nutricionales comparables a la harina de pescado, siendo una fuente rica en proteínas y lípidos, y su inclusión en la dieta de especies acuáticas como peces y crustáceos ha demostrado mejoras en el crecimiento, la salud intestinal y la calidad de los productos finales. A pesar de estas ventajas, se señala que la sustitución completa de la harina de pescado por la harina de insectos no es la solución definitiva, ya que pueden surgir desafíos relacionados con la regulación, la crianza masiva de insectos y la composición de nutrientes. Sin embargo, la harina de larvas de Mosca Soldado Negra se destaca como una alternativa valiosa para diversificar y mejorar la sostenibilidad de la alimentación en la industria acuícola, contribuyendo a la seguridad alimentaria y al cuidado del medio ambiente.

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