Indicators of wel being in tropical bovine: a vision from stress and the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis

Abstract

<p Aim of this review was to gather relevant information about the activation of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis during stress periods in cattle, and its impact on production through different measures available in the literature. This includes blood and behavior biomarkers, such as cortisol, which despite its short life is still quite valid. Metodology included the review of several sources and english and spanish database such as Scielo, Pubmed, Google Academic and others (Epsco and Sci Verse). Selection criteria included key words that contained thermal stress in bovines and its impact on production in tropical regions, as well as its relationship with animal welfare.p>