Indicadores de alojamiento relacionados al bienestar animal en vacas lecheras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3225728Keywords:
Alojamiento, bienestar animal, vacas lecherasAbstract
El bienestar animal actualmente ha tomado auge en el mundo, sobre todo por sus repercusiones éticas, productivas y económicas. Los protocolos de evaluación para su estimación son una herramienta útil ya que permiten identificar los factores que disminuyen la calidad de vida de los animales, para estar en condiciones de mejorarla y hacer de la producción pecuaria una actividad cada vez más ética, humanitaria y eficiente. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar indicadores de bienestar animal asociados al alojamiento de vacas lecheras en unidades de producción a baja y mediana escala en la zona centro de México. Se evaluaron 2600 vacas lecheras utilizando parcialmente el protocolo propuesto por Welfare Quality®: tiempo necesario para echarse; colisión al momento de echarse; vacas que descansan parcial o totalmente fuera de la zona de descanso; limpieza en flancos, ubres y patas traseras; presencia de cojeras en diferente grado; presencia de áreas sin pelo y presencia de lesión o inflamación. Los valores encontrados en la mayoría de los indicadores evaluados fueron inadecuados considerando los parámetros sugeridos en el protocolo utilizado. El alojamiento de las vacas evaluadas no brinda las condiciones necesarias para el descanso apropiado, por lo que se recomienda realizar acciones urgentes en la zona evaluada con la finalidad de mejorar la calidad del alojamiento y por ende del bienestar y productividad de los animales.
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