Seasonal impact on Q fever in sheep, Bosnia and Herzegovina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3517483Keywords:
Q fever, Coxiella burnetii, sheep, seasonality, seroprevalence, ELISAAbstract
This study investigates the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in sheep and examines the seasonal impact on Q fever distribution. A total of 253 blood samples from sheep in Bosnia and Herzegovina during summer and winter were used, and, the research employed ELISA testing for antibody detection. Findings revealed a significant seasonal variation in seroprevalence, with 41 positive cases identified: 37 in winter and 4 in summer, indicating a higher infection rate during colder months. Statistical analysis suggests a significant association (p<0.05) between season and infection rates; winter conditions, increased indoor density, and lambing activities may elevate transmission risks. These results underscore the importance of considering seasonal factors in Q fever management and surveillance in sheep, contributing to a better understanding of its epidemiology and informing public health strategies. The study highlights the need for further systemic-epidemiological research across different geographies and management practices to elucidate the full impact of seasonality on Q fever prevalence.
Downloads
References
Agerholm JS. Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic animals-a critical review. Acta. Vet. Scand. 2013; 55(1): 13.
Angelakis E, Raoult D. Q fever. Vet. Microbiol. 2010; 140:297-309.
Banazis MJ, Bestall AS, Reid SA, Fenwick SG. A survey of Western Australian sheep, cattle and kangaroos to determine the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii. Vet. Microbiol. 2010; 143(2-4), 337-345.
Çetinkaya B, Kalender H, Ertas HB. Sero-prevalance of coxiellosis in cattle, sheep and people in the east of Turkey. Vet. Rec. 2000; 146: 131-136.
Cutler SJ, Bouzid M, Cutler RR. Q fever. J. Infect. 2007; 54(4): 313-318.
Debeljak Z, Medić S, Baralić M, Andrić A, Tomić A, Vidanović D, Šekler M, Matović K, Vasković N. Clinical, epidemiological and epizootic features of a Q fever outbreak in the border region between Serbia and Montenegro. J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. 2018; 12(5): 290-296.
Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP. Q fever in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010. Neth. J. Med. 2010; 68: 382-387.
Duron O, Sidi-Boumedine K, Rousset E, Moutailler S, Jourdain E. The importance of ticks in Q fever transmission: what has (and has not) been demonstrated?. Trends parasitol. 2015; 31(11): 536-552.
EFSA, ECDC. The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2012. EFSA Journal. 2014; 12(2):3547, 312 pp.
Eibach R, Bothe F, Runge M, Fischer SF, Philipp W, Ganter M. Q fever: baseline monitoring of a sheep and a goat flock associated with human infections. Epidemio. Infect. 2012; 140(11): 1939-1949.
Eldin C, Melanotte C, Mediannikov O, Ghigo E, Million M, Edouard S, Mege JL, Maurin M, Raoult D. From Q fever to Coxiella burnetti Infection: a Paradigm Change. Clinical Microbioly Reviews. 2017; 30: 115-190.
Eldin C, Mélenotte C, Mediannikov O, Ghigo E, Million M, Edouard S, Raoult D. From Q fever to Coxiella burnetii infection: a paradigm change. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2017; 30(1): 115-190.
Epelboin L, Chesnais C, Boullé C, Drogoul AS, Raoult D, Djossou F, Mahamat A. Q fever pneumonia in French Guiana: prevalence, risk factors, and prognostic score. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012; 55: 67-74.
Guatteo R, Seegers H, Taurel AF, Joly A, Beaudeau F. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in domestic ruminants: a critical review. Vet. microbiol. 2011; 149(1-2): 1-16.
Hellenbrand W, Breuer T, Petersen L. Changing epidemiology of Q fever in Germany, 1947-1999. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2001; 7: 789-796.
Hogerwerf L, van den Brom R, Roest HIJ, Bouma A, Vellema P, Pieterse M, Dercksen D, Nielen M. Reduction of Coxiella burnetii prevalence by vaccination of goats and sheep, The Netherlands. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2011; 17: 379-386.
Honarmand H. Q Fever: an old but still a poorly understood disease. Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect Dis. 2012.
Kargar M, Rashidi A, Doosti A, Ghorbani-Dalini S, Najafi A. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in bovine bulk milk samples in southern Iran. Comp. Clin. Pathol. 2013; 22(3): 331-334.
Kilic S, Babur C, Ozlem MB. Investigation of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in sheep in Aydin region, Turkey. Revue. Med. Vet. 2005; 156(6): 336-340.
Komiya T, Sadamasu K, Kang MI, Tsuboshima S, Fukushi H, Hirai K. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii infections among cats in different living environments. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 2003; 65(9): 1047-1048.
Medić A, Dželalija B, Punda-Polić V, Gjenero-Margan I, Turković B, Gilić V. Q fever epidemic among employees in a factory in the suburb of Zadar, Croatia. Croat. Med. J. 2005; 46(2): 315-319.
Mobarez AM, Amiri FB, Ismailia S. Seroprevalence of Q fever among human and animal in Iran. A systematic review and metaanalysis. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2017; 11(4): e0005521.
Neare K, Tummeleht L, Lassen B, Viltrop A. Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence and associated risk factors in cattle, sheep, and goats in Estonia. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(4): 819.
Niemczuk K, Szymańska-Czerwińska M, Śmietanka K, Bocian Ł. Comparison of diagnostic potential of serological, molecular and cell culture methods for detection of Q fever in ruminants. Vet. microbiol. 2014; 171(1-2): 147-152.
OIE, World Organisation for Animal Health, OIE, Paris, France, 2019,http://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-in-the-world/animal-diseases/Q-Fever/(18.10.2019).
Oliveira RD, Mousel MR, Pabilonia KL, Highland MA, Taylor JB, Knowles DP, White SN. Domestic sheep show average Coxiella burnetii seropositivity generations after a sheep-associated human Q fever outbreak and lack detectable shedding by placental, vaginal, and fecal routes. PLoS One. 2017; 12(11): e0188054.
Oyston, PCF, Davies C. Q fever: the neglected biothreat agent. J. Med. Microbiol. 2011; 60(1): 9-21.
Porter SR, Czaplicki G, Mainil J, Guatteo R, Saegerman C. Q fever: current state of knowledge and perspectives of research of a neglected zoonosis. Int. J. Microbiol. 2011: 248-418.
Proboste T, Deressa FB, Li Y, Kal DO, Gelalcha BD, Soares Magalhães RJ. Geographical variation in Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in dairy farms located in South-Western Ethiopia: understanding the broader community risk. Pathogens. 2021; 10(6): 646.
Roest HIJ, Bossers A, van Zijderveld FG, Rebel JML. Clinical microbiology of Coxiella burnetti and relevant aspects for the diagnosis and control of the zoonotic disease Q fever. Veterinary Quarterly. 2013; 33: 148-160.
Roest HIJ, Tilburg JJHC, van der Hoek W, Vellema P, van Zijderveld FG, Klaassen CHW, Raoult D. The Q fever epidemic in The Netherlands: history, onset, response and reflection. Epidemiol. Infect. 2011; 139: 1-12.
Rousset E, Durand B, Berri M, Dufour P, Prigent M, Russo P, Delcroix T, Touratier A, Rodolakis A, Aubert M. Comparative diagnostic potential of three serological tests for abortive Q fever in goat herds. Vet. Microbiol. 2007; 124(3-4): 286-297.
Saglam AG, Sahin M. Coxiella burnetii in samples from cattle herds and sheep flocks in the Kars region of Turkey. Vet. Med. 2016; 61: 17-22.
Schneeberger PM, Wintenberger C, van der Hoek W, Stahl JP. Q fever in the Netherlands—2007-2010: what we learned from the largest outbreak ever. Med. Mal. Infect. 2014; 44: 339-353.
Sobhy MM, Fathi A, Ibrahim EMM, Abou-Gazia KHA, Helmy NA, Youseef AG. Seroprevalence detection of antibodies of Coxiella burnetii in sheep, goats and human in some governorates in Egypt. Assiut Vet. Med. J. 2019; 65(163): 68-73.
Tissot-Dupont H, Amadei MA, Nezri M, Raoult D. Wind in November, Q fever in December. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2004; 10: 1264-1269.
Toman E. Komparacija zastupljenosti Q-groznice kod ljudi i domaćih životinja u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine. Magistarski rad. Sarajevo. Univerzitet u Sarajevu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet. 2020.
Toman R, Heinzen RA, Samuel JE, Mege JL. (Eds.). Coxiella burnetii: recent advances and new perspectives in research of the Q fever bacterium. 2012.
Tozer SJ, Lambert SB, Sloots TP, Nissen MD. Q fever seroprevalence in metropolitan samples is similar to rural/remote samples in Queensland, Australia. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2011; 30: 1287-1293.
Vilibic-Cavlek T, Kucinar J, Ljubin-Sternak S, Kolaric B, Kaic B, Lazaric-Stefanovic L, Hunjak B, Mlinaric-Galinovic G. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii Antibodies Among Febrile Patients in Croatia, 2008–2010. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. Apr. 2012; 12(4): 293-296.
Welsh HH, Lennette EH, Abinanti FR, Winn JF. Airborne transmission of Q fever: the role of parturition in the generation of infective aerosols. Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 1957; 70: 528-540.
Winter F, Campe A. Q fever expertise among human and veterinary health professionals in Germany–A stakeholder analysis of knowledge gaps. Plos one. 2022; 17(3): e0264629.
Wolf A, Prüfer TL, Schoneberg C, Campe A, Runge M, Ganter M, Bauer BU. Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in German sheep flocks and evaluation of a novel approach to detect an infection via preputial swabs at herd-level. Epidemiol. Infect. 2020; 148: e75.
Yadav JP, Malik SVS, Dhaka P, Kumar M, Bhoomika S, Gourkhede D, Rawool DB. Seasonal variation in occurrence of Coxiella burnetii infection in buffaloes slaughtered in India. Biol. Rhythm Res. 2021; 52(4): 615-621.
Yanase T, Muramatsu Y, Ueno H, Morita C. Seasonal variations in the presence of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle in Hokkaido, Japan. Microbiol. Immunol. 1997; 41(2): 73-75.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Revista Veterinaria (Rev. Vet.) maintains a commitment to the policies of Open Access to scientific information, as it considers that both scientific publications as well as research investigations funded by public resources should circulate freely without restrictions. Revista Veterinaria (Rev. Vet.) ratifies the Open Access model in which scientific publications are made freely available at no cost online.
