Estudio retrospectivo de enfermedades cardiacas en caninos diagnosticados por ecocardiografía en Quito-Ecuador

N.S. Paucar; J.R. Quisirumbay; J.E. Rodriguez; J.E. Flores; R.P. Mena

doi:10.30972/vet.3527865

Authors

N.S. Paucar Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0236-0720
J.R. Quisirumbay Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-8503
J.E. Rodriguez Cardiomedicc https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-8503
J.E. Flores Cardiomedicc
R.P. Mena Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4560-4858

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3527865

Keywords:

Dogs, Heart, Valvular disease, Congenital, Acquired

Abstract

Knowing the prevalence of heart disease and evaluating the associated risk factors in canines is of vital importance to understand these diseases, which may present particularities in different regions. The present study analyzed the echocardiographic performed on 2,517 canines referred to a cardiology reference center “Cardiomedicc” in the city of Quito during the period from 2018 to 2021. Descriptive statistics were used on the data obtained, the chi-square test was applied to verify the association between diseases in relation to sex and age. An α=0.05 value was used as the significance level to confirm or rule out the association between the variables. Of the total animals referred for suspected heart disease, 20.34% did not present any heart abnormalities, while 79.66% were diagnosed with heart disease. Of these, 5.89% had congenital heart disease, and the remaining 90.12% developed acquired heart diseases. Of the congenital heart diseases, aortic stenosis (24.7%), patent ductus arteriosus (18.5%), and pulmonary stenosis (14.5%) were the most prevalent, with German Shepherds, Boxers, and French Bulldogs being the breeds with the highest occurrence. Of the total number of patients with acquired heart disease, 38.7% had mitral valve insufficiency, 30.9% tricuspid valve insufficiency and 23.1% pulmonary arterial hypertension, these being the most prevalent diseases within this group, affecting a greater percentage of small breed dogs such as the French Poodle, Schnauzer, Shih Tzu, and Pekingese. In conclusion, a high prevalence of both congenital and acquired diseases was observed in dogs in the city of Quito, with prevalences similar to those reported in other studies. The distribution was homogeneous between males and females, and the dogs exhibited a wide age range at the time of diagnosis.

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