Impacto en salud pública de leptospirosis y brucelosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3719220Palavras-chave:
leptospirosis canina, brucelosis canina, costo de la enfermedad, carga de la enfermedad, factores de riesgoResumo
Las zoonosis como la brucelosis y leptospirosis son enfermedades que se transmiten y comparten de forma natural entre animales vertebrados y seres humanos siendo de distribución mundial. De igual manera, actualmente no existe una ruta clara para el abordaje integral de la leptospirosis y brucelosis en el perro. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue describir el impacto en salud pública de Brucelosis y Leptospirosis. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura, donde se van a seleccionar artículos científicos originales publicados en revistas científicas con un rango de búsqueda de 2018 a 2023. Se consultaron las bases de datos: Scielo, PubMed, Google Scholar y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). Adicionalmente se realizó la búsqueda de información de instituciones gubernamentales y organizaciones no gubernamentales involucradas en la vigilancia de brucelosis y leptospirosis. Para Leptospira, los roedores son el principal reservorio, y un posible factor de riesgo es el consumo de agua no tratada. Para Brucelosis, los perros que deambulan por la calle representan un factor de riesgo, además de ser reservorios y fuente de contaminación. El período de incubación de ambas patologías es muy variable, de días hasta varios meses. En ambos casos los animales pueden ser portadores asintomáticos, y aun estando en tratamiento, excretar el agente al medio ambiente. Se describió el impacto en salud pública de brucelosis y leptospirosis y el papel que desempeña el perro en ambas enfermedades.
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