Seroprevalence of equine infectious anemia in equines during cultural horseback riding events in Meta state (Colombia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3628234Keywords:
Immunoassay, lentivirus, animal health, epidemiological surveillanceAbstract
Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a disease caused by a Lentivirus, and it represents a significant obstacle to the global equine industry. Its control relies on mandatory quarantine and euthanasia of seropositive horses. Active epidemiological surveillance is essential for effective EIA control. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of EIA in horses participating in cultural horseback riding events in the department of Meta, Colombia. A total of 92 blood samples were collected from horses participating in two events, held in the municipalities of Granada (n = 48) and Acacias (n = 44). Samples were analyzed using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test considered the gold standard and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Diagnostic test results were analyzed using McNemar’s test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with JAMOVI statistical software. Seroprevalence detected by AGID was 6.5% (6/92), while ELISA indicated 16.3% (15/92), with higher seropositivity observed in Granada (8.8%) compared to Acacias (4.5%). The ELISA test, compared to AGID, had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.620, sensitivity of 66.7%, and specificity of 87.2%. McNemar’s test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the two diagnostic methods. This study highlights that equines ><0.05) between the two diagnostic methods. This study highlights that equines testing positive for EIA should not participate in equestrian events outside their premises, in accordance with both national and international regulations. Furthermore, the findings suggest non-compliance with Colombian regulations by horse owners and event organizers, as only AGID-negative animals tested within the last six months should be allowed to participate.
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