Síndrome del Asma Equino

Mariel Susana Frezza; Sebastian Julio Picco; Marcos Germán Muriel

doi:10.30972/vet.3628429

Autores/as

Mariel Susana Frezza Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3779-8058
Sebastian Julio Picco Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-2365
Marcos Germán Muriel Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0929-4719

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3628429

Palabras clave:

Equinos, Asma, Inflamación, Vías aéreas

Resumen

El Síndrome del Asma Equino es un nuevo término propuesto para unificar las afecciones inflamatoriascrónicas no infecciosas de las vías aéreas inferiores. De esta manera, se reconocen las coincidencias fenotípicas entre estas patologías como son la hiperreactividad de las vías aéreas, el broncoespasmo, el infiltrado de células inflamatorias, el aumento en la producción y cambios en la viscoelasticidad del moco y la remodelación de las vías aéreas progresiva a largo plazo. La adopción de este nuevo término proporciona una amplia definición fenotípica que permite la subcategorización de la enfermedad en términos de severidad de la enfermedad, basada en los hallazgos al examen clínico (según la presencia o ausencia de esfuerzo respiratorio en reposo), factores desencadenantes (estabulación / pastura) y en los métodos complementarios de diagnóstico (grado de moco a la endoscopia y citología del lavaje broncoalveolar). De esta manera quedan definidos dos subtipos de asma, el Asma leve-moderado (antes llamado Inflamación de las Pequeñas Vías Aéreas) y el Asma severo (antes llamado Obstrucción Recurrente de las Vías Aéreas). Si bien la etiopatogenia no se encuentra definida con exactitud se reconoce a la estabulación como el principal factor de riesgo ya que estos equinos están potencialmente expuestos a altas concentraciones de partículas aéreas orgánicas e inorgánicas, además de gases nocivos. Su tratamiento se basa en el control ambiental para la reducción en la exposición a partículas de polvo aéreo y la terapia farmacológica para reducción de la inflamación y broncoespasmo por medio de corticoides y broncodilatadores.

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Biografía del autor/a

Mariel Susana Frezza, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

Cátedra de Medicina Equina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional de La
Plata (UNLP), Av. 60 y 118 s/n, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Instituto de Genética Veterinaria
Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout (IGEVET), CONICET - UNLP. Av. 60 y 118 s/n, La Plata, Buenos Aires,
Argentina.

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