Necesidades medioambientales en gatos de interior: estudio descriptivo en hogares urbanos de Lima, Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3719612Palabras clave:
bienestar animal, encuesta, tenencia responsable, felinos, manejo, comportamiento natural.Resumen
El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el nivel de cumplimiento de las necesidades medioambientales en gatos de interior atendidos en un centro especializado de Lima, Perú. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño observacional, transversal y de alcance descriptivo. La muestra consistió en 385 tutores seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los datos se recolectaron con un cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos (V de Aiken = 90%) que demostró una alta consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach = 0,760). Los resultados demográficos indicaron un predominio de gatos mestizos (72,2%), de entre 1 y 5 años (59,0%) y esterilizados (86,2%). Se halló una alta adherencia en aspectos de seguridad y mantenimiento básico: el 96,6% puede elegir su lugar de descanso, el 93,3% cuenta con escondites y más del 90,0% recibe agua renovada diariamente. No obstante, se identificaron brechas críticas en la organización del entorno y la estimulación; el 30,1% de los tutores ubica el arenero cerca del alimento y solo el 27,5% reporta una alta frecuencia de juego. Se concluye que, si bien se cubren las necesidades físicas esenciales, persiste un déficit en el enriquecimiento dinámico y en la separación funcional de recursos, lo que subraya la necesidad de fortalecer la educación etológica de los tutores para promover un bienestar integral.
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