Winter mortality of freshwater fish associated with parasitic infection

D. R. Hernández; D. R. Aichino; J. J. Santinón; F. J. Ruiz Díaz; J. N. Aguilera; J. P. Roux; S. Sánchez

doi:10.30972/vet.3517475

Autores

D. R. Hernández Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-3021
D. R. Aichino Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Biología Pesquera Regional. Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9116-219X
J. J. Santinón Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Biología Pesquera Regional. Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-8717
F. J. Ruiz Díaz Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3403-6533
J. N. Aguilera Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Biología Pesquera Regional. Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM)
J. P. Roux Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-0533
S. Sánchez Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8093-5759

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3517475

Palavras-chave:

wild environments, fishes, parasites, Chilodonella, histopathological analysis

Resumo

This study reports an episode of fish mortality occurred in the Garupá and Pindapoy Grande streams, near the confluence with the Paraná River (Garupá, Argentina). Dead and moribund fish of various species were observed floating on the water surface. Environmental parameters measured were temperature 5 °C, water temperature 15.1 (±0.6) °C, dissolved oxygen 8.7 (±1.2) ppm, pH 7.5 (±0.2), electrical conductivity 67.6 (± 8.8) mS cm-1 and mean depth of 1.7 (±1.0) m. Macroscopic examination of moribund fish revealed corneal opacity, whitish tegument, increased gill mucus, and whitish areas on gill filaments. Microscopic analysis of gills revealed severe generalized epithelial hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, congestion, and inflammatory infiltrate, particularly lymphocytes and eosinophilic granular cells. In addition, microscopic examination allowed the identification of the following ectoparasites found in gills and tegument: Chilodonella, Ichthyophthirius, Dactylogyridae and Trichodinidae, representing 98%, 1.2%, 0.6% and 0.2%, respectively. This study constitutes a novel record of wild fish mortality associated with extreme environmental conditions and parasitosis. Furthermore, our findings are significant as there are no prior reports in Argentina of epizootic cases linked to Chilodonella sp. infection in wild or farmed fish populations, being the first report of chilodonelliasis for this region.

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