Reduction of in vitro viral replication of caprine alphaherpesvirus 1 (CPHV-1) through natural antiviral treatment with plant extracts

C. Ferreccio; S. Maidana; R. Tau; L. Di Ciaccio; V. Spotorno; A. Salvat; J. J. Aguilar; B. Konigheim; S. A. Romera

doi:10.30972/vet.3618088

Autores/as

C. Ferreccio Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations (IVIT) https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2137-2102
S. Maidana Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations (IVIT). Universidad del Salvador. Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences. Chair of Applied Immunology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-9359
R. Tau Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations (IVIT) https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2574-7324
L. Di Ciaccio Institute of Pathobiology, INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7742-4223
V. Spotorno Institute of Biological Resources, INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5361-3941
A. Salvat Institute of Pathobiology, INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4700-2527
J. J. Aguilar Institute of Biological Resources, INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-0189
B. Konigheim Institute of Biological Resources, INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-2156
S. A. Romera Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations (IVIT). Universidad del Salvador. Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences. Chair of Applied Immunology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3966-9399

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30972/vet.3618088

Palabras clave:

herpesvius, tratamiento, L. divaricata, M. verticillata, P. quadrangularis

Resumen

El herpesvirus caprino 1 (CpHV-1) se distribuye mundialmente siendo responsable de pérdidas económicas. La aplicación de aciclovir interfiere en la replicación viral con distintos grados de eficacia, pero no impide el establecimiento de latencia. Debido a los costos y efectos secundarios que producen los fármacos antihipertensivos, la búsqueda de nuevos agentes quimioterapéuticos es fundamental para el tratamiento y control de las enfermedades virales. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar y comparar la actividad antiviral in vitro de tres plantas nativas de Argentina como tratamiento antiviral terapéutico contra CpHV-1. Se utilizaron Larrea divaricata, Minthostachys verticillata y Parastrephia quadrangularis. Se analizaron cuatro parámetros: Concentración Citotóxica 50 (CC50), Concentración Inhibitoria 50 (CI50), cuantificación por ensayo de placa y titulación viral. El extracto de L. divaricata mostró la menor citotoxicidad (2,4 mg ml-1). El mejor SI (índice de selectividad) se obtuvo en el extracto de M. verticillata (10). Los extractos de L. divaricata y P. quadrangularis son los compuestos que mostraron el mayor efecto antiviral (90% y 75%, respectivamente), en comparación con los controles no tratados, en los que se observó la mayor reducción en el tamaño de la placa. La mayor inhibición de la replicación viral se observó cuando se evaluó el título viral cuando las monocapas fueron tratadas con L. divaricata (al menos disminución del 35%). Con el ensayo de combinación de L. divaricata y M. verticillata se observó la mayor reducción de los títulos virales. Los resultados generales proporcionan evidencia de que L. divaricata y M. verticillata podrían ser fuentes potenciales de nuevos fármacos anti-CpHV-1.

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